Sustainability
See how crops, structures and sales channels shape the numbers
Climate variability makes outdoor harvests less predictable, while shoppers and retailers seek fresh, local, low-pesticide produce and dependable year-round greenhouse supplies.
Polytunnels cost about $5–$15/m² and offer basic weather and pest protection with simple ventilation. They suit smallholders testing crops or selling locally.
Vertical farms use stacked racks, LEDs and hydroponics to maximize yield per square meter. They cost $500–$2,000/m² installed and need disciplined operations.
Greenhouse tomatoes can yield 50–80 kg/m² yearly. At $1.50–$3/kg, that is $75–$240/m² in gross revenue; net margins often reach 25–35%.
Leafy greens can generate $60–$250/m² annually, while microgreens may reach $500–$2,000/m². Results depend on yield, price, market access and efficiency.
Structure costs range from $15–$300/m². Irrigation adds $5–$30, climate systems $10–$100, and LED lighting $20–$150/m² when needed.
Choose crops for local demand and target margins. Farmers markets, restaurants and CSAs can capture premiums, while organic or GAP certifications may boost prices 30–50%.
A Dutch tomato grower reached $800,000 annual revenue on two hectares under glass. Consistent quality, careful post-harvest handling and export contracts were key.
An American microgreens producer reported $120,000 annual net income from 200 m² by selling directly. The example highlights the value of focused markets.
Greenhouse profitability depends on matching crop choice and technology to real buyers. Beginners can start with polytunnels; advanced growers may pursue controlled or vertical systems.
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